🔄 Future Tense – Direct to Indirect
Future Tense के सभी रूपों (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous) को Direct से Indirect में बदलने के नियम —
सीखें हर नियम को 5-5 उदाहरणों के साथ।
✅ 30 Quiz Questions · ✅ 25 Matching Pairs · ✅ Detailed Notes
🎯 Learning Objectives
📘 Introduction: Direct → Indirect for Future Tenses
जब हम किसी के कहे गए वाक्य को Indirect Speech में बदलते हैं, तो Future Tense के चारों रूप (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous) अपना रूप बदल सकते हैं या नहीं, यह Reporting Verb के Tense और वाक्य के अर्थ पर निर्भर करता है।
📌 Golden Rule for Future Tenses
यदि Reporting Verb Past Tense में है → Future Tense बदलता है (will→would, shall→should, can→could, may→might)
यदि Reporting Verb Present / Future में है या वाक्य Universal Truth है → Tense नहीं बदलता
🔁 Tense Changes (when Reporting Verb is Past)
- Future Simple (will) → would (She said, "I will go." → She said that she would go.)
- Future Continuous (will be) → would be (He said, "I will be reading." → He said that he would be reading.)
- Future Perfect (will have) → would have (They said, "We will have arrived." → They said that they would have arrived.)
- Future Perfect Continuous (will have been) → would have been (She said, "I will have been waiting." → She said that she would have been waiting.)
- Shall → Should (with I/We), Can → Could, May → Might
📖 Detailed Notes – Rules with Examples
जब Reporting Verb Past Tense (said, told, asked) में हो, तो Future Tense बदल जाता है:
- will → would
- shall → should (with I/We)
- can → could
- may → might
- will be + V-ing → would be + V-ing
- will have + V3 → would have + V3
- will have been + V-ing → would have been + V-ing
📝 Examples (5 each):
will → would
- She said, "I will play tennis." → She said that she would play tennis.
- He said, "We will go to school." → He said that they would go to school.
- Rahul said, "I will help you." → Rahul said that he would help me.
- They said, "We will live in Delhi." → They said that they would live in Delhi.
- She said, "He will come daily." → She said that he would come daily.
shall → should (with I/We)
- He said, "I shall go." → He said that he should go.
- She said, "We shall play." → She said that they should play.
- I said, "I shall come." → I said that I should come.
- We said, "We shall win." → We said that we should win.
- She said, "I shall help you." → She said that she should help me.
can → could, may → might
- He said, "I can swim." → He said that he could swim.
- She said, "I may come." → She said that she might come.
- They said, "We can win." → They said that they could win.
- He said, "I may go." → He said that he might go.
- She said, "We can do it." → She said that they could do it.
Future Continuous → would be + V-ing
- He said, "I will be reading." → He said that he would be reading.
- She said, "They will be playing." → She said that they would be playing.
- I said, "She will be singing." → I said that she would be singing.
- We said, "He will be cooking." → We said that he would be cooking.
- They said, "We will be waiting." → They said that they would be waiting.
Future Perfect → would have + V3
- She said, "I will have finished." → She said that she would have finished.
- He said, "We will have seen the movie." → He said that they would have seen the movie.
- I said, "She will have gone." → I said that she would have gone.
- They said, "We will have arrived." → They said that they would have arrived.
- Ritu said, "I will have written the letter." → Ritu said that she would have written the letter.
Future Perfect Continuous → would have been + V-ing
- He said, "I will have been waiting." → He said that he would have been waiting.
- She said, "We will have been studying." → She said that they would have been studying.
- I said, "She will have been working." → I said that she would have been working.
- They said, "We will have been playing." → They said that they would have been playing.
- Mohan said, "I will have been living here." → Mohan said that he would have been living there.
यदि Reporting Verb Present (says, tell) या Future (will say) में हो, तो Reported Speech का Tense नहीं बदलता।
📝 Examples (5 each):
will → will (no change)
- She says, "I will play tennis." → She says that she will play tennis.
- He tells me, "We will go daily." → He tells me that they will go daily.
- Rita says, "I will like it." → Rita says that she will like it.
- They say, "We will live here." → They say that they will live here.
- He will say, "I will work hard." → He will say that he will work hard.
shall → shall / Future Continuous (no change)
- He says, "I shall go." → He says that he shall go.
- She says, "I will be reading." → She says that she will be reading.
- I say, "She will be singing." → I say that she will be singing.
- We say, "He will be cooking." → We say that he will be cooking.
- They will say, "We will be waiting." → They will say that they will be waiting.
Future Perfect (no change)
- She says, "I will have finished." → She says that she will have finished.
- He says, "We will have seen it." → He says that they will have seen it.
- I say, "She will have gone." → I say that she will have gone.
- They say, "We will have arrived." → They say that they will have arrived.
- Ritu will say, "I will have written." → Ritu will say that she will have written.
Future Perfect Continuous (no change)
- He says, "I will have been waiting." → He says that he will have been waiting.
- She says, "We will have been studying." → She says that they will have been studying.
- I say, "She will have been working." → I say that she will have been working.
- They say, "We will have been playing." → They say that they will have been playing.
- Mohan will say, "I will have been living here." → Mohan will say that he will have been living here.
यदि Reported Speech कोई सार्वभौमिक सत्य (Universal Truth), आदत (Habit), या तथ्य (Fact) व्यक्त करता है, तो Tense नहीं बदलता – चाहे Reporting Verb Past में ही क्यों न हो।
📝 Examples (5 each):
Universal Truth
- He said, "The sun will rise in the east." → He said that the sun rises in the east.
- She said, "Water will boil at 100°C." → She said that water boils at 100°C.
- Teacher said, "Earth will revolve around the sun." → Teacher said that Earth revolves around the sun.
- They said, "Honesty will be the best policy." → They said that honesty is the best policy.
- He said, "Two and two will make four." → He said that two and two make four.
Habits / Facts (if still true)
- She said, "I will walk every morning." → She said that she walks every morning.
- He said, "He will smoke a lot." → He said that he smokes a lot.
- Rita said, "My father will work in a bank." → Rita said that her father works in a bank.
- They said, "We will live in Mumbai." → They said that they live in Mumbai.
- He said, "She will speak French." → He said that she speaks French.
Direct से Indirect में बदलते समय Pronouns और Time/Place के शब्द भी बदलते हैं – ये नियम सभी Tenses पर लागू होते हैं।
📝 Examples (5 each):
Pronoun Changes
- He said, "I will be happy." → He said that he would be happy.
- She said to me, "You will be smart." → She told me that I would be smart.
- He said, "We will go." → He said that they would go.
- They said, "She will sing." → They said that she would sing.
- I said, "My book will be here." → I said that my book would be there.
Time & Place Changes
- He said, "I will go now." → He said that he would go then.
- She said, "I will come tomorrow." → She said that she would come the next day.
- They said, "We will meet yesterday." → They said that they would meet the previous day.
- He said, "I will live here." → He said that he would live there.
- She said, "I will buy this today." → She said that she would buy that that day.
जब Reported Speech में Future Tense के साथ Questions या Commands हों, तो विशेष नियम लागू होते हैं:
- Yes/No Questions with will → asked if + subject + would
- Wh-Questions with will → asked wh-word + subject + would
- Commands with will → ordered/requested + to + verb
📝 Examples (5 each):
Questions with will
- He asked, "Will you come?" → He asked if I would come.
- She asked, "Will they play?" → She asked if they would play.
- He asked, "Where will you go?" → He asked where I would go.
- She asked, "When will you return?" → She asked when I would return.
- They asked, "Will she sing?" → They asked if she would sing.
Commands / Requests with will
- He said, "Will you please sit down?" → He requested me to sit down.
- She said, "Will you close the door?" → She requested me to close the door.
- He said, "Will you help me?" → He asked me to help him.
- She said, "Will you wait here?" → She requested me to wait there.
- They said, "Will you open the window?" → They requested me to open the window.